A free press is one way of ensuring that a democratic government, together with the media (newspapers, radio, television and internet provider) should ensure that citizens and their associations, to ensure the existence of a free press , with a set of rights extended to members of the agencies primarily in journalism, and their pubblicazioni.Si also extends the right to access and collection of information, and processes that are used to obtain information to distribute to the public. In Italy the freedom of the press is enshrined in Art. 21 of the Constitution: " Everyone has the right to freely express their thoughts in speech, writing, and any other means of communication.
The press can not be subjected to authorization or censorship.
Seizure is permitted only by a warrant from the court [cf. art. c.1 111] in the case of offenses for which the press law expressly authorizes, or in case of violation of the rules prescribed by law for the claim of responsibility.
In such cases, when there is absolute urgency and the timely intervention of the courts, the seizure of the press can be run from police officers, who must immediately, and never within twenty-four hours, report to the court. If this does not confirm the twenty-four hours, the seizure is understood to be withdrawn and null and void effect.
The law may establish, by general rules, which are known means of finance magazines.
are prohibited publications, shows and events contrary to public morality. The law establishes appropriate measures to prevent and suppressing all violations. "
However, the Italian Constitution sets limits, unlike the corresponding articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights sanctioned by the United Nations and the of Fundamental Rights European Union, which do not. These mainly fall within the limits thought crimes and those against morality. For example, an apologia for fascism is a crime provided for by law June 20, 1952, No 645 . The decision rests solely with the judiciary, instructing the police to provide any seizure.
In world ranking of press freedom, as of 2008 , Italy is ranked 65 th place (tied with Samoa) and the 24th and penultimate position (in front of Turkey alone) in the ranking of Western Europe. In the world, Italy is preceded by countries like Israel, Papua New Guinea, Trinidad & Tobago, Cape Verde, Taiwan, Ghana, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Vincent & the Grenadines ... to name a few.
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